Polymer membranes with molecular-sized channels that assemble themselves

Many futurists envision a world in which polymer membranes with molecular-sized channels are used to capture carbon, produce solar-based fuels, or desalinate seawater, among many other functions. This will require methods by which such membranes can be readily fabricated in bulk quantities. A technique representing a significant first step down that road has now been successfully demonstrated. Berkeley Lab and UC Berkeley researchers — led by materials scientist Ting Xu — have developed a solution-based method for inducing the self-assembly of flexible polymer membranes with highly aligned subnanometer channels.

Four UC Berkeley faculty named AAAS fellows

Four UC Berkeley faculty members have been named 2010 Fellows of the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS), the world's largest general scientific society and publisher of the journal Science.

Wildlife biologists put dogs' scat-sniffing talents to good use

UC Berkeley biologists have harnessed dogs' natural talent for sniffing out the scat of other animals for a good cause. With the help of Working Dogs for Conservation, a Montana-based nonprofit organization, researchers are fine-tuning the use of dogs as a non-invasive tool for wildlife studies and management.

Possible missing link between young and old galaxies

UC Berkeley astronomers may have found the missing link between young, gas-filled, star-forming galaxies and older, gas-depleted galaxies typically characterized as “red and dead.” Leo Blitz and Katherine Alatalo report that a long-known “early-type” galaxy, NGC 1266, is expelling molecular gas, mostly hydrogen, from its core. The unusual galaxy may help explain how gas-filled galaxies rid themselves of their molecular gas.

Advance makes MRI scans more than seven times faster

UC Berkeley physicist David Feinberg, in collaboration with physicians at the University of Minnesota, has combined two new techniques to speed MRI scans of the brain by more than a factor of 10. The faster functional MRI scans will boost the national effort to map the brain’s wiring, called the Human Connectome Project.

Third human species discovered in Siberian cave

The discovery of a finger bone in a Siberian cave has led researchers, including UC Berkeley's Montgomery Slatkin, to conclude that there were three species of humans living 40,000 years ago. The new species, dubbed Denisovans, were neither modern humans nor Neanderthals, though they apparently bred with our ancestors.

Learning to Read the Genome

LBNL and UC Berkeley researchers have gone beyond the mere genetic sequence of the fruit fly to reveal the RNA and chromatin structures that tell us how cells work. The new analysis of the fruit fly and roundworm genomes was performed by the modENCODE team.

Smartphone users can report sudden oak death

To get a broader perspective on sudden oak death, which has felled hundreds of thousands of California's majestic oaks, UC Berkeley scientists have developed a smartphone app for hikers and other nature lovers to report trees they find that have succumbed to the disease.